1. Power Query vs. Power Pivot
Power Query is an analytics of data.
Power Pivot is getting and transferring data.
Power Query is an ETL service tool
Power Pivot is an element for in-memory data modeling
2. What is DAX?
The short form of Data Analysis Expressions. They are a collection of functions, drivers, and constants that aid in the execution of formulas in a data model to come up with and return values. That is to say, it makes it easy for you to come up with new words from data you used to have.
3. What are Filters in Power BI?
Filters helps to extract only the relevent data from a large dataset. Power Bi has the following filters,
Visual level filters
Page level filters
Report level filters
Top N filter
Include/ Exclude filter
Drill- down filters
Cross Drill filters
Drillthrough filters
URL filters
Pass-Through filters
4. What is GetData in Power BI?
Get Data is an easy icon in Power BI used to import data from the source.
5. State some of the benefits of Power BI.
Some of the benefits that come with using Power BI are,
. It makes interactable data visualization
. A user can take data and render it as graphics to share with anyone
. It allows for a fast analysis by making an Excel connection and queries alongside dashboards.
. It allows consumers to query reports with simple English words.
. Data can be imported into power bi from almost all data sources.
6. Mention some disadvantages or limitations of using Power BI.
The following are some limitations of Power BI.
Power BI does not accept dataset greater than 1 GB. It is slower as compared to tableau. Apart from import mode the other modes do not support all dax functions and some other features of power bi. Only 150000 rows can be downloaded when power bi integrates with Excel, cluttered interface.
7. What are different connectivity modes of Power BI?
There are Four major connectivity modes used in Power BI.
Import Mode: Full features of power bi availbale, Queries are cached, limited to 1 gb data size.
Direct query: Allows to connect with large dataset, captures real time data, limited dax and other features, slower performance,
Live Connection: Requires power bi service or azure analysis service, does not cache data within the Power BI model, multiple people can work togather on a single data source.
Composite Mode: Blend of import mode and direct query.
8. Which color types of refresh options are passed in Power BI?
Four major types of refresh options available in Microsoft Power BI are as follows
Scheduled refresh: The admin can set the refresh period.
Manual Refresh: Can be done by the admin as per requirement by pressing the refresh now button.
Increamental Refresh: Available in Power bi premium. Only refreshes the new or modified data but not the whole data itself.
9. What is a power BI dashboard?
A dashboard in power Bi is a collection of multiple reports. The features of Power Bi dashboard are as follows:
It allows you to drill through the runner, bookmarks and selection pane and also lets you produce colorful penstocks and integrate URLs A dashboard also help you set report layout to mobile view.
10. How are connections defined in Power BI Desktop?
connections between tables are defined in two ways
Manually-connections between tables are manually defined using primary and foreign keys.
Automatic- The Auto Point of Power BI detects the connection between tables if it is enabled which automatically creates for you
11. Could multiple function relationships exist between two tables?
No. You will have several dormant connections, but only one active relationship that connects two tables in a data model for Power Pivot. A dormant connection appears as dashed lines. An active connection has a line that appears non-stop.
12. What is CALCULATE in DAX?
It calculates the total of the Deals table Deals quantum column in a modified sludge environment. But it is the sole function through which pharmacies may change the sludge environment of measures or tables.
In addition, next to this, you will see the following Power BI Interview Questions at the Intermediate level.
13. What is row-position security?
Limits the amount of information a user can view and access is dependent upon pollutants: Rule and Places in Power BI Desktop drug users can make they can also push through to Power BI Service to enable
14. How many views are there in power bi and what are they?
There are four different views in Power BI, each that serves for another purpose
Report View- In this view, there options to add visualizations and new report runner and publishing the same on the portal.
Data View- In this view, data shaping can be done with the tools of query Editor.
Model View- In this view, users can manage the relations between complex sets of data.
Dax view – In this view, users can write DAX functions.
15. What are different versions in Power BI?
Power BI Desktop
Power BI service
Power Bi Mobile
16. What are the critical components of Power BI?
The critical components of Power BI are
Power Query
Power Pivot
Power View
Power Map
Power Q&A
17. What is bidirectional cross filtering?
It helps a data modeller to apply both side filtering of table relationships.
18. What we can do with power query editor?
Connect to data
Shape and blend data
Group rows
Pivot columns
create custom columns
Query formulas
20. What’s” M language.”
M is a programming language used in Power Query as a functional, case-sensitive language similar to other programming languages and relatively easy to use.
22. List the most common ways for data shaping.
Adding index column
Applying a gentle sort
Dropping columns and rows
23. What is Schedule Refresh in power bi?
Users can set for an automatic refresh according to conditions. Users can only capture one refresh outside of daily unless they have Power BI Pro. The Schedule Refresh section uses the dropdown menu selections to select a frequency, time zone and the time of day.
24. What information is needed to create a chart in Power Map?
Power Chart can create geographical visualizations. so, some position data is needed like megacity, state, country, or latitude and longitude.
25. How would you tell a story in Power BI?
Every map or visualization report created is collated and placed on one screen. Such a method is referred to as a Power BI Dashboard. A Dashboard in Power BI is used to express a story.
26. What are KPIs in Power BI?
KPI stands for Key Performance Indicator. It quantifies overall performance of a particular goal.
27. What is a Slicer?
A Slicer is a visual filter which helps user to filter data from selecting the apprpriate item from the slicer dropdown.
28. What are the refreshing options available?
There are four major refresh options in Power BI
Package/ OneDrive refresh This refresh synchronizes the Power BI desktop or Excel train between the Power BI service and OneDrive
Data/ Model refresh This involves cataloging the data import from all the sources based on either the refresh schedule or on-demand.
Pipe refresh Refresh the penstocks’ cache on the dashboard every time data changes.
Visual vessel refresh Update the reports’ illustrations and visual vessel once the data changes.
29. Where is the data stored in Power BI?
Primarily, Power BI has two sources to store data
Azure Blob Storage When druggies upload the data, it gets stored then.
Microsoft Azure SQL Database All the metadata and system vestiges are stored then.
They’re stored as either fact tables or dimensional tables.
30. What are different data sources supported by Power BI?
Then’s the list of data sources that Power BI supports
Relational databases( e.g., SQL server, Oracle, MySQL)
pall- based sources (e.g. Azure SQL Database, Salesforce, Google Analytics).
train- based sources (e.g. Excel, CSV, JSON, XML).
Web- based sources (e.g. REST APIs, OData feeds).
On- premises data sources (e.g. SharePoint, Hadoop).
31. What is the difference between an calculated column and a measure in Power BI?
A calculated column is a new column added on a table in the data model that is evaluated by DAX expression. Calculated values are persisted on the data model and can be visualized as well. Measure is dynamic computation that is performed during the time of the query based on current environment of the report or visualization. Measures aren’t stored within the data model but are computed on the go.
32. How would you optimize a Power BI report’s performance?
A few ways to optimize the performance of Power BI reports include,
The use of relevant data types and limiting columns within the data model.
Proper DAX calculations and using simple measures.
Aggregation and summarization tables minimize the number of data reuse.
Filters and slicers could be applied to minimize the amount of data displayed within visualizations.
Incremental refresh is used to refresh only the changed data.
33. Connection types available in Power BI?
There are three types of connections in Power BI.
One- to- one
One record in one table maps to a single record in another table.
One- to- many
One record in one table maps to more than one record in another table.
many-to-many: multiple records in one table relate to multiple records in another table.
34. In Power BI, what is the difference between a matrix and a table visualization?
A matrix visualization displays data in an irregular format with hierarchical row and column heads, allowing data to be grouped and epitomized across multiple situations. A table visualization, by contrast, displays data in a simple irregular format that doesn’t have any scale or summarization.
35. What options do you use to share a Power BI report with external users?
Here are several ways to share Power BI reports with external users, including the following:
Sharing a report through the Power BI Service by granting access to a selected user or group
Publishing a report to the web, thereby making it very accessible
Embedding a report in a web application or operation using the Power BI Embedded service.
36. What are the differences between dashboards and reports in Power BI?
A dashboard is a single- runner collection of visualizations and crucial criteria designed to give a high- position overview of the data. Dashboards are made in Power BI Service and can contain visualizations from more than one report.
On the other hand, a report is a multi-page document containing visualizations, tables, and other rudiments that give detailed analysis and perceptivity into the data. Reports are created in Power BI Desktop and can be published to Power BI Service.
37. What is a difference between a KPI and a card visualization in Power BI?
A KPI visualization, shows a single metric, a target value and an index that reflects performance relative to the target. The card visualization, shows a single standard, with no target or performance index, though.
38. What is the difference between a bar map and a column map in Power BI?
The same data is represented as vertical bars in the bar map and by the length of the bars. The column map shows the same data as perpendicular bars with values represented by the height of the bars. The orders may be compared between two orders using the maps, but sometimes, a bar map is more effective at showing values with long order markers or many orders.
39. what’s the real difference between a pie map and a donut map in Power BI?
A pie map graphically represents values as sections of a circle where the size of the sections represents the actual values. A donut map is similar to a pie map except it has a hole in the middle, which makes it look like a ring. Both maps plot the percentage of each order in the composite. But with a donut map, one can also show new information inside of the hole, such as a value that sums to a total or a marker.
42. Explain what data profiling is in Power BI.
Data profiling is the scrutiny and analysis of data in regard to its structure, quality, and distribution. In Power BI, it is possible to use Power Query in the interest of conducting data profiling that offers colorful data profiling features similar as column statistics, data type discovery, and error pressing. Data profiling is basically a must-have relationship in terms of data quality issues, inconsistency, and outliers, which might affect the delicacy and trustability of the analysis and reporting.
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Author:- Sudip Kundo
Data Science Trainer
IT Education Centre Placement & Training Institute
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